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2025 Vol.67, Issue 2 Preview Page
Evaluation of Phosphorus Runoff Reduction in Sloped Upland with Furrow Vegetative Cover Using the APEX Model

APEX 모델을 이용한 경사밭 고랑식생피복에 따른 인 유출 저감 평가

Yerin Yanga
,
Soon-Kun Choib†
,
Byeong-Mo Leec
,
Sang-Min Jund
,
Jong-Mun Leee
,
So-Jin Yeobf
양 예린a
,
최 순군b†
,
이 병모c
,
전 상민d
,
이 종문e
,
엽 소진f
aResearch associate, Climate Change Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
bResearcher, Climate Change Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
cSenior researcher, Climate Change Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
dResearcher, Climate Change Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
ePost doctoral researcher, Climate Change Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
fResearcher, Climate Change Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
† Corresponding author Tel.: +82-63-238-2504, Fax: +82-63-238-3823 E-mail: soonkun@korea.kr
2025. pp. 69-81
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Abstract

Best Management Practices (BMPs) are proactive strategies to mitigate agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution. Among non-structural BMPs, furrow vegetative cover reduces runoff velocity and prevents soil loss by introducing cover crops in furrows. However, field monitoring of NPS pollution reduction is often constrained by environmental factors, time limitations, and high costs. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of furrow vegetative cover in reducing phosphorus runoff in sloped upland areas using the APEX model. The study was conducted in a sloped upland field at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea. Model calibration was performed by comparing simulated values with observed monitoring data. The control treatment involved conventional fertilization management and crop cultivation, while the experimental treatment applied furrow vegetative cover in addition to the control conditions. Model validation demonstrated a strong agreement between simulated and observed runoff and phosphorus loads, with R² = 0.96, NSE = 0.95, and PBIAS = 12.5% for runoff, and R² = 0.72, NSE = 0.65, and PBIAS = 23.5% for total phosphorus (T-P). Under historical climate conditions (1991–2020), the analysis revealed that furrow vegetative cover reduced runoff by up to 20.3% and T-P by up to 50.4%. The results of this study indicate that furrow vegetative cover is significantly effective in mitigating agricultural NPS pollution. Future research should focus on scenario-based modeling to assess the long-term impacts of BMPs under climate change conditions and explore the applicability of other BMPs.

Keywords
Non-point source
best management practices (BMPs)
Cover crop
Runoff
Total phosphorus
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국농공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국농공학회논문집
  • Volume : 67
  • No :2
  • Pages :69-81
  • Received Date : 2024-08-30
  • Revised Date : 2025-01-25
  • Accepted Date : 2025-02-24
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2025.67.2.069
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